Abstract
Aim
To explore how plyometric-based hydro-kinesiotherapy (Plyo-HKT) would affect pain, muscle strength, postural stability, and functional performance in a convenience sample of children with hemophilic knee arthropathy (HKA).
Methods
Forty-eight children with HKA (age: 8–16 years) were randomly allocated to the Plyo-HKT group (n = 24; underwent the Plyo-HKT for 45 min, twice/week over 12 wk in succession) or the comparison group (n = 24; performed the standard exercise rehabilitation at an equivalent frequency and duration). Pain, peak concentric torque of quadriceps and hamstring (produced at two angular velocities: 120 and 180 o/sec), dynamic limits of postural stability (DLPS), and functional performance [Functional Independence Score in Hemophilia (FISH) and 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT)] were assessed pre- and post-intervention.
Results
In contrast with the comparison group, the Plyo-HKT group achieved more favorable pre-to-post changes in pain (p = .028, η2p = 0.10), peak torque of quadriceps [120°/sec (p = .007, η2P = 0.15); 180°/sec (p = .011, η2P = 0.13)] and hamstring [120°/sec (p = .024, η2P = 0.11); 180°/sec (p = .036, η2P = 0.09)], DLPSdirectional [forward (p = .007, η2P = 0.15); backward (p = .013, η2P = 0.12); affected side (p = .008, η2P = 0.14); non-affected side (p = .002, η2P = 0.20)], DLPSoverall (p < .001, η2P = 0.32), and functional performance [FISH (p < .001, η2p = 0.26); 6-MWT (p = .002, η2p = 0.19)].
Conclusion
Plyo-HKT is likely helpful for reducing pain, improving strength, enhancing postural stability, and boosting functional capabilities in children with HKA. Physical rehabilitation practitioners should, therefore, consider this intervention strategy.
Acknowledgements
The willingness of the children and families to participate in this work is greatly appreciated by the authors. Their enthusiasm is certainly unforgettable.
Disclosure Statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Funding
Notes on contributors
Ragab K. Elnaggar
Ragab K. Elnaggar, PT, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics at Cairo University. His research focuses on physical rehabilitation, community participation of children and adolescents with physical disabilities, and the transition to adulthood. Through his work, Prof. Elnaggar aims to develop innovative approaches and practical solutions that empower children/adolescents with physical disabilities, enabling them to lead fulfilling and independent lives within their communities.
Alshimaa R. Azab
Alshimaa R. Azab, PT, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics at Cairo University.
Ahmed S. Alhowimel
Ahmed S. Alhowimel, PT, Ph.D., Associate Professor in the Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University.
Mazyad A. Alotaibi
Mazyad A. Alotaibi, PT, Ph.D., Assistant Professor in the Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University.
Mohamed S. Abdrabo
Mohamed S. Abdrabo, PT, Ph.D., Associate Professor in the Basic Sciences Department at the Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University.
Mahmoud S. Elfakharany
Mahmoud S. Elfakharany, PT, Ph.D., Associate Professor in the Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics at Cairo University.