Dynamical steady Carreau fluid with heat generation and porosity effect in a suspension of hybrid solid and dust particles

Abstract

Hybrid nanofluid is a superior working fluid that is considered as appropriate for variety of applications, including machine cutting, engine applications, automobile cooling, photovoltaic thermal management, electronic component thermal management, and solar collectors. With the motivation these application, magneto hydrodynamic Carreau fluid is explored in this study when graphene and titanium hybrid nanoparticles with heat generation and porosity are taken into account. Titanium alloy nanoparticles combined with base water are used to simulate the process. Titanium is utilized in the military and aerospace because it is strong and lightweight. It is also employed in biology as an anti-microbial, anti-biotic, and anti-fungal agent. The ensuing collection of governing equations (P.D.E.) is changed into an assortment of O.D.E. with the use of an appropriate similarity transformation. This O.D.E. is then solved by implementing the Runge-Kutta shooting method. Graphs have been used to study variation behavior accurately. Local Nusselt number and Friction factor were examined for different kinds of physical factors. We concluded after the debate that, the influence of porosity or heat generating parameter improves temperature profile. When porosity effect is applied, velocity profile is reduced, and temperature profile is increased by amplifying porosity effect.

Keywords:

• Carreau fluid
• heat absorption or generation
• MHD
• radiation hybrid nanoparticles

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Conflict of Interest

Authors are very much grateful to Dr. CSK Raju, Dr. Kiran Sajjan and Dr. V. Nagendramma and reviewers for their valuable inputs.