Isolation, characterization and optimization of oleaginous Providencia vermicola as a feedstock for biodiesel production using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Oleaginous organisms accrue more than twenty percent of their biomass as lipids and hence are promising feedstocks for biodiesel production. In this study, lipid accumulating bacteria were isolated from diesel-contaminated soils and screened with Sudan black B stain. The most oleaginous was done using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. Lipid production was initially optimized based on media, nitrogen source, pH and temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was then employed for the enhancement of lipid weight and content. Obtained lipid was converted to biodiesel using direct transesterification, and both lipid and biodiesel were characterized using FTIR. A total of thirteen bacteria were isolated and the most prominent lipid producer was identified as Providencia vermicola with lab number BA6. Preliminary optimization studies revealed optimum lipid production when nutrient broth and acetic acid served as carbon source; KNO₃ as nitrogen source, pH 7.0 and 30 °C. Optimization using RSM resulted in a 5.1% and 74.1% increase in the biomass and lipid content of BA6 respectively. FTIR analyses confirmed the presence of functional groups characteristic of lipids and biodiesel. P. vermicola is a novel oleaginous organism that represents a promising feedstock for biodiesel production.

HIGHLIGHTS

• The bacterium designated as BA6 identified as Providencia vermicola has the highest lipid contents of the oleaginous bacteria isolated.

• It accumulates lipids up to 47.73 % of its biomass

• The percentage lipids accumulation increased to about 74 % when RSM was used.

• Providencia vermicola is being reported as an oleaginous organism for the first time.

Keywords:

• Biodiesel
• oleaginous bacteria
• Providencia vermicola
• response surface methodology

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This is to acknowledge the L’Oreal Fondation- UNESCO For Women in Science Young Talents Sub-Saharan Africa (2023) for providing fund for the support of this research work.